BUSINESS CULTURE
Supervisors
The American workplace may seem much less hierarchical than the workplace in Europe. You may be permitted to call your boss by his or her first name (do not do this, of course, unless you see your coworkers do the same).
Supervisors may share what seems to be personal information that is normally only shared with close friends. Socializing on the job is casual and will include all levels of the hierarchy. Do not let this fool you. Your boss is still your boss, and although relations may seem informal, this informality or friendliness is only an American form of politeness.
Watch and listen to your boss and coworkers to learn how formal or informal to be. Treat your boss with respect by being punctual and cooperative, not by formal speech or flattery.
Team Work
American society reflects an historical dependence on group support, although many Americans think of themselves as individualists. The fact that a tremendous amount of vocabulary from team sports is used in the workplace is a reflection of this. Make sure to help coworker if they request it and do not be afraid to request help if you need it. Your employer may ask you to take on tasks not in your job description in order to get a job done.
The goal is: getting the job done. Members of a work group, including the boss, may be very flexible about what work they do in order to achieve that goal.
Time
Time is extremely important in American society. Being on time (punctual) is always important. This usually means showing up a little early (5 or 10 minutes), especially at interviews and meetings. Employees who consistently arrive at the office five minutes late may be seen as latecomers who do not take their work seriously.
During business conversations, personal subjects or information are generally not brought up. Getting the work done and getting to the point is generally more important. You will have plenty of time to get to know colleagues after work, during lunch, and at breaks.
Conflict
It is an acceptable practice in the U.S. to discuss problems you are having at work with your supervisor. Approach him/her in a calm and polite manner and explain your concerns. If you feel the objectives of your internship are not being met, refer to your Internship Agreement Form. Discuss your training objectives with your employer and point out which of the specific duties indicated on the form you feel you are not performing. Express your desire to learn more and do more, and fulfill your university requirements. If you continue to have problems, please contact us. We will listen to your concerns and then speak to your supervisor about them.
Sometimes, Americans are very open about the actions of employees that are seen as unsatisfactory. Some employers may even express anger. Do not be afraid to politely present your point of view or to admit a mistake. This is usually a chance to make things better, not a prelude to being fired.
Lay-Offs and Firing Practices
If a company has financial difficulties, it is possible that the company will eliminate your position. Most people get two weeks notice before they have to leave, but this is not required by law (although it can be by union contract). If this happens, you should contact us immediately for advices.
If you are fired, it is because the company is unhappy with you. It is rare than interns are fired for poor technical skills. Please understand that if you are dismissed due to poor technical skills or if the job is too demanding, we will be more than happy to try finding you an alternative company.
Benefits
As a trainee, your employer is not required to provide you with the same benefits that regular employees receive. These include vacations, sick leave, medical insurance, etc. However, you are already covered by the medical insurance you purchased overseas.
Getting Promoted
Some interns work long enough to receive advancement in their jobs. Being dependable, loyal, and punctual are necessary qualities for getting ahead. Both working well without supervision and being honest about mistakes are also important.
If you have a good idea about a new project, do not be afraid to share it with your boss. Let your employer know you are interested in advancement, but only if you think you deserve it and notice that others in similar situations are being promoted.
Salary
Your salary is called wages or pay. There are no minimum or maximum restrictions on how much interns can earn. You should be receiving the remuneration indicated on your Internship Agreement form. If the employer decides to provide more than initially agreed upon, this is not an issue. However, if you are receiving less than agreed on the Internship Agreement form and a conflict has developed between yourself and the employer, contact us for advices.
You will receive your salary once a week, every two weeks, or every month.
You will always receive less than your gross salary (what you agreed upon). Money will be subtracted from your gross salary for taxes. These subtractions are called deductions. The money you receive after the deductions is your net salary.
Your employer should give you a salary statement or pay slip with your paycheck that explains which taxes are being taken out of your paycheck. Remember, as an exchange visitor, you should not have social security taxes deducted from your salary. Refer to the Tax Web Page for detailed instructions.
Depending on your agreement with your employer, you might also have uniform, housing, or other costs deducted from your pay.
The American workplace may seem much less hierarchical than the workplace in Europe. You may be permitted to call your boss by his or her first name (do not do this, of course, unless you see your coworkers do the same).
Supervisors may share what seems to be personal information that is normally only shared with close friends. Socializing on the job is casual and will include all levels of the hierarchy. Do not let this fool you. Your boss is still your boss, and although relations may seem informal, this informality or friendliness is only an American form of politeness.
Watch and listen to your boss and coworkers to learn how formal or informal to be. Treat your boss with respect by being punctual and cooperative, not by formal speech or flattery.
Team Work
American society reflects an historical dependence on group support, although many Americans think of themselves as individualists. The fact that a tremendous amount of vocabulary from team sports is used in the workplace is a reflection of this. Make sure to help coworker if they request it and do not be afraid to request help if you need it. Your employer may ask you to take on tasks not in your job description in order to get a job done.
The goal is: getting the job done. Members of a work group, including the boss, may be very flexible about what work they do in order to achieve that goal.
Time
Time is extremely important in American society. Being on time (punctual) is always important. This usually means showing up a little early (5 or 10 minutes), especially at interviews and meetings. Employees who consistently arrive at the office five minutes late may be seen as latecomers who do not take their work seriously.
During business conversations, personal subjects or information are generally not brought up. Getting the work done and getting to the point is generally more important. You will have plenty of time to get to know colleagues after work, during lunch, and at breaks.
Conflict
It is an acceptable practice in the U.S. to discuss problems you are having at work with your supervisor. Approach him/her in a calm and polite manner and explain your concerns. If you feel the objectives of your internship are not being met, refer to your Internship Agreement Form. Discuss your training objectives with your employer and point out which of the specific duties indicated on the form you feel you are not performing. Express your desire to learn more and do more, and fulfill your university requirements. If you continue to have problems, please contact us. We will listen to your concerns and then speak to your supervisor about them.
Sometimes, Americans are very open about the actions of employees that are seen as unsatisfactory. Some employers may even express anger. Do not be afraid to politely present your point of view or to admit a mistake. This is usually a chance to make things better, not a prelude to being fired.
Lay-Offs and Firing Practices
If a company has financial difficulties, it is possible that the company will eliminate your position. Most people get two weeks notice before they have to leave, but this is not required by law (although it can be by union contract). If this happens, you should contact us immediately for advices.
If you are fired, it is because the company is unhappy with you. It is rare than interns are fired for poor technical skills. Please understand that if you are dismissed due to poor technical skills or if the job is too demanding, we will be more than happy to try finding you an alternative company.
Benefits
As a trainee, your employer is not required to provide you with the same benefits that regular employees receive. These include vacations, sick leave, medical insurance, etc. However, you are already covered by the medical insurance you purchased overseas.
Getting Promoted
Some interns work long enough to receive advancement in their jobs. Being dependable, loyal, and punctual are necessary qualities for getting ahead. Both working well without supervision and being honest about mistakes are also important.
If you have a good idea about a new project, do not be afraid to share it with your boss. Let your employer know you are interested in advancement, but only if you think you deserve it and notice that others in similar situations are being promoted.
Salary
Your salary is called wages or pay. There are no minimum or maximum restrictions on how much interns can earn. You should be receiving the remuneration indicated on your Internship Agreement form. If the employer decides to provide more than initially agreed upon, this is not an issue. However, if you are receiving less than agreed on the Internship Agreement form and a conflict has developed between yourself and the employer, contact us for advices.
You will receive your salary once a week, every two weeks, or every month.
You will always receive less than your gross salary (what you agreed upon). Money will be subtracted from your gross salary for taxes. These subtractions are called deductions. The money you receive after the deductions is your net salary.
Your employer should give you a salary statement or pay slip with your paycheck that explains which taxes are being taken out of your paycheck. Remember, as an exchange visitor, you should not have social security taxes deducted from your salary. Refer to the Tax Web Page for detailed instructions.
Depending on your agreement with your employer, you might also have uniform, housing, or other costs deducted from your pay.
DAY-TO-DAY LIFE
Housing
As in other countries, rents depend on states and cities. It will certainly be cheaper in small towns than in New York, which is well known to be one of the worse place to find an affordable apartment!
Most students and young professionals coming in the United States for a few months prefer to share an apartment instead of living by their own. There are three main advantages in choosing to have roommates:
• It is a lot cheaper to share an apartment than to have one by your own
• Most shared apartments are already furnished, so you won't have to buy furniture for only 6, 12 or 18 months
• It will help you to meet new people and to make friends!
Finance
When arriving in the United States, you should open a bank account as soon as possible. Services and fees vary from bank to bank. Check with several different banks to find the one that best suits your needs. When you first go to the bank, bring various forms of identification, including your passport and social security number. If you have any credit cards and proof of where you are living, bring them as well. What type of account do you want to open? Ask about your options.
Below is a checklist to help you decide which bank services might be appropriate for you:
• If you open a checking account, how long do you have to wait before you can write a check using the money in that account? How long will it take to receive your personal checks?
• Some banks charge a service fee every month. Others may charge you each time you write a check. Find out about all the bank fees you might have to pay.
• Some banks require that you have a minimum balance in your account or they will charge a fee. Find out what the minimum balance is and if you can afford it.
• Bank hours vary. Be aware of the business hours of the bank. U.S. banking is regional, not national, so make sure you cash any checks in the town or city where you received them. A check deposited in an out-of-town account can take one week or more to become available. If you are going out of town, be sure to cash checks before you leave or purchase travelers checks.
Automatic Teller Cards (ATM)
Most bank accounts provide bankcards that can be used at 24-hour automated tellers machines (ATMs). At least two banking networks, the Cirrus network and the Plus network, offer services at machines in many locations across the U.S. When staying in major cities, a bankcard may be as useful as travelers‚ checks or credit cards. Check with your local financial institution before leaving home to verify that you are able to use your bank from home at some of these machines. To locate a local cash machine, contact the Cirrus Cash Machine Locator at 1-800-424-7787, or the Plus ATM Locator Service at 1-800-843-7587.
Call the telephone number on your card to locate local machines that will accept your card. When opening a bank account, ask about an ATM card and find out if your bank belongs to one of the major networks. Banks may charge a fee of between $1.50-3.00 per withdrawal for using an ATM machine that belongs to another bank.
Currency
The basic unit of currency is the dollar ($1). Coins are in the values of one cent (or a penny), 5 cents (a nickel), 10 cents (a dime), 25 cents (a quarter), and 50 cents (a half dollar). Bills (cash) are printed in the value of $1, $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100.
Travelers Checks
Travelers checks are perhaps the most convenient and safest way to finance your travel. They are refundable if lost or stolen and can be purchased at any bank. Make a separate list of check numbers and buy small denominations. Some establishments do not accept travelers checks; ask before you shop. Establishments that specify no checks accepted usually refer to personal checks from your bank account, not travelers checks.
Getting Money in a Hurry
Western Union: This service makes it possible to transfer money from your home country to anywhere in the United States within 15 minutes on any day of the week. There is a handling charge, which will vary according to the amount of money sent. Call 1-800-325-6000 to find the Western Union office closest to you and to the person sending money to you and to see if your money has arrived.
Telegraphic Transfer
This allows you to transfer money from a bank in your home country to a bank in the U.S. This can often take a week or longer. The charge varies from bank to bank, and both the receiving and sending bank may charge you. Not all banks offer this service. Check in advance.
Bankers Drafts
These can be bought from your home country bank and then mailed to you by the Express service of the Post Office. This usually takes between three and seven days, and participants sometimes have difficulty cashing them in small towns. Designate an emergency contact in your home country that can purchase and send you bankers drafts.
As in other countries, rents depend on states and cities. It will certainly be cheaper in small towns than in New York, which is well known to be one of the worse place to find an affordable apartment!
Most students and young professionals coming in the United States for a few months prefer to share an apartment instead of living by their own. There are three main advantages in choosing to have roommates:
• It is a lot cheaper to share an apartment than to have one by your own
• Most shared apartments are already furnished, so you won't have to buy furniture for only 6, 12 or 18 months
• It will help you to meet new people and to make friends!
Finance
When arriving in the United States, you should open a bank account as soon as possible. Services and fees vary from bank to bank. Check with several different banks to find the one that best suits your needs. When you first go to the bank, bring various forms of identification, including your passport and social security number. If you have any credit cards and proof of where you are living, bring them as well. What type of account do you want to open? Ask about your options.
Below is a checklist to help you decide which bank services might be appropriate for you:
• If you open a checking account, how long do you have to wait before you can write a check using the money in that account? How long will it take to receive your personal checks?
• Some banks charge a service fee every month. Others may charge you each time you write a check. Find out about all the bank fees you might have to pay.
• Some banks require that you have a minimum balance in your account or they will charge a fee. Find out what the minimum balance is and if you can afford it.
• Bank hours vary. Be aware of the business hours of the bank. U.S. banking is regional, not national, so make sure you cash any checks in the town or city where you received them. A check deposited in an out-of-town account can take one week or more to become available. If you are going out of town, be sure to cash checks before you leave or purchase travelers checks.
Automatic Teller Cards (ATM)
Most bank accounts provide bankcards that can be used at 24-hour automated tellers machines (ATMs). At least two banking networks, the Cirrus network and the Plus network, offer services at machines in many locations across the U.S. When staying in major cities, a bankcard may be as useful as travelers‚ checks or credit cards. Check with your local financial institution before leaving home to verify that you are able to use your bank from home at some of these machines. To locate a local cash machine, contact the Cirrus Cash Machine Locator at 1-800-424-7787, or the Plus ATM Locator Service at 1-800-843-7587.
Call the telephone number on your card to locate local machines that will accept your card. When opening a bank account, ask about an ATM card and find out if your bank belongs to one of the major networks. Banks may charge a fee of between $1.50-3.00 per withdrawal for using an ATM machine that belongs to another bank.
Currency
The basic unit of currency is the dollar ($1). Coins are in the values of one cent (or a penny), 5 cents (a nickel), 10 cents (a dime), 25 cents (a quarter), and 50 cents (a half dollar). Bills (cash) are printed in the value of $1, $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100.
Travelers Checks
Travelers checks are perhaps the most convenient and safest way to finance your travel. They are refundable if lost or stolen and can be purchased at any bank. Make a separate list of check numbers and buy small denominations. Some establishments do not accept travelers checks; ask before you shop. Establishments that specify no checks accepted usually refer to personal checks from your bank account, not travelers checks.
Getting Money in a Hurry
Western Union: This service makes it possible to transfer money from your home country to anywhere in the United States within 15 minutes on any day of the week. There is a handling charge, which will vary according to the amount of money sent. Call 1-800-325-6000 to find the Western Union office closest to you and to the person sending money to you and to see if your money has arrived.
Telegraphic Transfer
This allows you to transfer money from a bank in your home country to a bank in the U.S. This can often take a week or longer. The charge varies from bank to bank, and both the receiving and sending bank may charge you. Not all banks offer this service. Check in advance.
Bankers Drafts
These can be bought from your home country bank and then mailed to you by the Express service of the Post Office. This usually takes between three and seven days, and participants sometimes have difficulty cashing them in small towns. Designate an emergency contact in your home country that can purchase and send you bankers drafts.
TRANSPORT
Hitchhiking
Hitchhiking is illegal on federal roads in the United States and is extremely dangerous. Do not, under any circumstances, accept a ride from a stranger.
By bus
Buses have always been an inexpensive and popular way to travel around the U.S. The major bus companies can connect to local bus transportation, allowing you to reach even the most remote towns. And you never know whom you might meet in a bus!
One of the best bargains in bus travel is to buy an International Ameripass in a Greyhound Bus. This can be purchased in the gateway cities of New York, Miami, Los Angeles, and San Francisco and allows you unlimited travel anywhere in the U.S. for a specified period of time.
An alternative bus company is the Green Tortoise, a vacation/touring service for budget travelers. They stop frequently for swimming, hiking, boating, etc. For information, contact Green Tortoise, 494 Broadway, San Francisco, CA 94133, Tel: 415 285-2441.
You should be aware that bus stops are not always located in the most populated areas of town. Be careful about going to a bus stop late at night if it is in an isolated area.
By metro
Most of big cities in USA as New York and Los Angeles have metro (subway).
Very convenient, this transport can be dangerous at nighttime, be careful!
By train
Train is not a common way of traveling in the United States. Amtrak, the national railroad, offers a rail pass similar to Interail. It is called the USA Rail Pass and is valid for either 15 or 30 days at peak and off-peak rates. This pass is only available to foreign visitors to the U.S. To buy Amtrak tickets or passes, contact Amtrak at 1 800 872-7245.
By car
For many Americans, traveling by car is the most common way of transportation. Most cities do not have a well-developed public transportation system and access to a car may be a necessity.
In order to drive legally in the United States, you should have both a driver's license from your home country as well as an international driving license. Some states may require only that you carry the license from your home country, although it is highly advisable that you carry an international permit. These can be obtained from a national Automobile Association in your country.
The international driving license is more easily recognizable in the U.S. than the one from your home country. The coded information on foreign licenses may be incomprehensible to U.S. law enforcement officials. Furthermore, the international driving permit is required for renting a car or being hired to drive a car around the U.S. You must have your driver‚s license in your possession at all times when driving.
For varied reasons, interns may need to obtain a driving license from the state they will be working/driving in. To apply, contact the local office of your State Department of Motor Vehicles. This does involve a fee, which will vary from state to state, but usually ranges from $20-$100.
Car rentals
Generally, car rental companies require you to be at least 21 years of age and possess at least one major credit card. In most cases, unless you are at least 25 years old, you will have to pay an additional fee.
When renting a car, make sure you clearly understand the terms of the agreement before you sign anything. Purchasing any type of insurance policy is usually a good idea. Also, the various costs involved in renting a car may add up more quickly than you would expect. When discussing your options with a car rental company ask for an estimation of the entire cost of the rental, including taxes.
Driving rules
Police and State Highway Patrol officers enforce driving laws to ensure safety on the streets and highways. Be aware of the following rules:
• Speed Limit: The speed limit in cities, town centers, and congested areas is usually 25 miles per hour. There are usually signs indicating the speed limit. The maximum speed limit on the highway is usually 55 to 65 miles per hour, depending upon the state. Laws against speeding are strictly enforced in order to prevent reckless driving, accidents, and loss of life.
• Accidents : Most accidents, especially those involving personal injury or property damage, must be reported to the nearest police station within 24-48 hours and to the state Department of Motor Vehicles within 14-30 days.
• Traffic Lights: Unless otherwise indicated, state laws permit motorists to turn right on a red light after stopping to check for traffic.
• Tickets/Infractions of the Law: You are responsible for paying all tickets you receive and answering to all charges incurred.
General Driving Rules
• Passing on curves, in intersections, and near the top of hills is prohibited
• Passing school buses with blinking red lights or that are loading or unloading children is strictly prohibited. It does not matter if you are on the same side of the street as the bus or on the opposite side
• Reduced speed limits are in effect in all school zones
• Always signal when you turn or change lanes
• Never pick up hitchhikers
• Wear your seatbelt! It is the law!
• Never drink and drive or have open containers of alcohol in your car. Penalties are extremely strict and strongly enforced
Hitchhiking is illegal on federal roads in the United States and is extremely dangerous. Do not, under any circumstances, accept a ride from a stranger.
By bus
Buses have always been an inexpensive and popular way to travel around the U.S. The major bus companies can connect to local bus transportation, allowing you to reach even the most remote towns. And you never know whom you might meet in a bus!
One of the best bargains in bus travel is to buy an International Ameripass in a Greyhound Bus. This can be purchased in the gateway cities of New York, Miami, Los Angeles, and San Francisco and allows you unlimited travel anywhere in the U.S. for a specified period of time.
An alternative bus company is the Green Tortoise, a vacation/touring service for budget travelers. They stop frequently for swimming, hiking, boating, etc. For information, contact Green Tortoise, 494 Broadway, San Francisco, CA 94133, Tel: 415 285-2441.
You should be aware that bus stops are not always located in the most populated areas of town. Be careful about going to a bus stop late at night if it is in an isolated area.
By metro
Most of big cities in USA as New York and Los Angeles have metro (subway).
Very convenient, this transport can be dangerous at nighttime, be careful!
By train
Train is not a common way of traveling in the United States. Amtrak, the national railroad, offers a rail pass similar to Interail. It is called the USA Rail Pass and is valid for either 15 or 30 days at peak and off-peak rates. This pass is only available to foreign visitors to the U.S. To buy Amtrak tickets or passes, contact Amtrak at 1 800 872-7245.
By car
For many Americans, traveling by car is the most common way of transportation. Most cities do not have a well-developed public transportation system and access to a car may be a necessity.
In order to drive legally in the United States, you should have both a driver's license from your home country as well as an international driving license. Some states may require only that you carry the license from your home country, although it is highly advisable that you carry an international permit. These can be obtained from a national Automobile Association in your country.
The international driving license is more easily recognizable in the U.S. than the one from your home country. The coded information on foreign licenses may be incomprehensible to U.S. law enforcement officials. Furthermore, the international driving permit is required for renting a car or being hired to drive a car around the U.S. You must have your driver‚s license in your possession at all times when driving.
For varied reasons, interns may need to obtain a driving license from the state they will be working/driving in. To apply, contact the local office of your State Department of Motor Vehicles. This does involve a fee, which will vary from state to state, but usually ranges from $20-$100.
Car rentals
Generally, car rental companies require you to be at least 21 years of age and possess at least one major credit card. In most cases, unless you are at least 25 years old, you will have to pay an additional fee.
When renting a car, make sure you clearly understand the terms of the agreement before you sign anything. Purchasing any type of insurance policy is usually a good idea. Also, the various costs involved in renting a car may add up more quickly than you would expect. When discussing your options with a car rental company ask for an estimation of the entire cost of the rental, including taxes.
Driving rules
Police and State Highway Patrol officers enforce driving laws to ensure safety on the streets and highways. Be aware of the following rules:
• Speed Limit: The speed limit in cities, town centers, and congested areas is usually 25 miles per hour. There are usually signs indicating the speed limit. The maximum speed limit on the highway is usually 55 to 65 miles per hour, depending upon the state. Laws against speeding are strictly enforced in order to prevent reckless driving, accidents, and loss of life.
• Accidents : Most accidents, especially those involving personal injury or property damage, must be reported to the nearest police station within 24-48 hours and to the state Department of Motor Vehicles within 14-30 days.
• Traffic Lights: Unless otherwise indicated, state laws permit motorists to turn right on a red light after stopping to check for traffic.
• Tickets/Infractions of the Law: You are responsible for paying all tickets you receive and answering to all charges incurred.
General Driving Rules
• Passing on curves, in intersections, and near the top of hills is prohibited
• Passing school buses with blinking red lights or that are loading or unloading children is strictly prohibited. It does not matter if you are on the same side of the street as the bus or on the opposite side
• Reduced speed limits are in effect in all school zones
• Always signal when you turn or change lanes
• Never pick up hitchhikers
• Wear your seatbelt! It is the law!
• Never drink and drive or have open containers of alcohol in your car. Penalties are extremely strict and strongly enforced
SECURITY
The role of the following safety tips is to encourage you to use common sense to ensure that your stay in the U.S. is as safe and enjoyable as possible. Here are some general guidelines you should consider when visiting any city:
• Never leave your luggage unattended in an airport, train, or bus station. You are giving thieves an open invitation to walk away with your belongings.
• Pickpockets target people who expose large amounts of cash in crowded places or who stand in lines looking preoccupied. Be aware of those around you.
• Only use licensed taxicabs such as the Yellow Cabs.
• Carry your purse firmly and never put your wallet in your back pant pocket so as not to make yourself an easy target for pickpockets and thieves.
• Avoid carrying around large amounts of cash and/or important documents unless it is absolutely necessary.
• Avoid going to ATM Machines at night, especially if you are alone.
• Be alert, cautious, and confident, and avoid taking unnecessary risks. This way you can concentrate on discovering a new city and enjoying your stay rather than worrying about your safety!
Drugs
Illegal possession of controlled substances (drugs) in the United States is subject to prosecution by law. The penalties for drug possession vary from state to state and region to region. Any type of illegal drug use is seriously frowned upon, as the U.S. is attempting to control the traffic of illegal substances. You are subject to fines and possible time in jail for any drug possession or association with people who have drugs themselves.
Alcohol
Please be aware of U.S. drinking laws, which state that you must be 21 years old and over to drink legally. In many regions, you will be asked to produce picture identification to prove you are of legal drinking age. Many bars will only accept a driver‚s license or identification card from the Department of Motor Vehicles that states your age. The identification card does not authorize you to drive. Contact the Department of Motor Vehicles for information about obtaining an identification card. In addition, drinking in public (i.e., outside a restaurant, bar, or your residence) is prohibited in many places, especially in beach resort towns. You will be subject to fines if you are found guilty.
Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) or Driving Under the Influence (DUI) : A national campaign to raise awareness of drunk driving and decrease alcohol-related traffic accidents has swept the U.S. Because of this, enforcement of the DWI/DUI law has become very strict. To keep yourself and others safe, d o not drink and drive. Americans generally appoint a designated driver when going out with a group of friends. This person agrees to refrain from drinking alcoholic beverages.
Smoking
As part of an intense anti-smoking campaign in the United States, tough measures provide a smoke-free environment. There are several national and local regulations regarding smoking in public places. Smoking is banned on all domestic air flights and will eventually be prohibited on all flights, domestic and international. Smoking is restricted in many office buildings and restaurants and is usually prohibited on public transportation. Look around before you light a cigarette; non-smoking signs are usually posted in a clear, visible location. If you are in someone else‚s house and no one around you is smoking, ask what the rule is before you start.
• Never leave your luggage unattended in an airport, train, or bus station. You are giving thieves an open invitation to walk away with your belongings.
• Pickpockets target people who expose large amounts of cash in crowded places or who stand in lines looking preoccupied. Be aware of those around you.
• Only use licensed taxicabs such as the Yellow Cabs.
• Carry your purse firmly and never put your wallet in your back pant pocket so as not to make yourself an easy target for pickpockets and thieves.
• Avoid carrying around large amounts of cash and/or important documents unless it is absolutely necessary.
• Avoid going to ATM Machines at night, especially if you are alone.
• Be alert, cautious, and confident, and avoid taking unnecessary risks. This way you can concentrate on discovering a new city and enjoying your stay rather than worrying about your safety!
Drugs
Illegal possession of controlled substances (drugs) in the United States is subject to prosecution by law. The penalties for drug possession vary from state to state and region to region. Any type of illegal drug use is seriously frowned upon, as the U.S. is attempting to control the traffic of illegal substances. You are subject to fines and possible time in jail for any drug possession or association with people who have drugs themselves.
Alcohol
Please be aware of U.S. drinking laws, which state that you must be 21 years old and over to drink legally. In many regions, you will be asked to produce picture identification to prove you are of legal drinking age. Many bars will only accept a driver‚s license or identification card from the Department of Motor Vehicles that states your age. The identification card does not authorize you to drive. Contact the Department of Motor Vehicles for information about obtaining an identification card. In addition, drinking in public (i.e., outside a restaurant, bar, or your residence) is prohibited in many places, especially in beach resort towns. You will be subject to fines if you are found guilty.
Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) or Driving Under the Influence (DUI) : A national campaign to raise awareness of drunk driving and decrease alcohol-related traffic accidents has swept the U.S. Because of this, enforcement of the DWI/DUI law has become very strict. To keep yourself and others safe, d o not drink and drive. Americans generally appoint a designated driver when going out with a group of friends. This person agrees to refrain from drinking alcoholic beverages.
Smoking
As part of an intense anti-smoking campaign in the United States, tough measures provide a smoke-free environment. There are several national and local regulations regarding smoking in public places. Smoking is banned on all domestic air flights and will eventually be prohibited on all flights, domestic and international. Smoking is restricted in many office buildings and restaurants and is usually prohibited on public transportation. Look around before you light a cigarette; non-smoking signs are usually posted in a clear, visible location. If you are in someone else‚s house and no one around you is smoking, ask what the rule is before you start.
HEALTH
Health Insurance
There is no National Health insurance in the U.S. This is why the United States Information Agency (USIA) requires that all exchange visitors have insurance meeting their standards. The insurance you will purchase with your DS 2019 will have to be designed to meet these USIA requirements.
If a doctor treats you, you may have to pay the bills first and then file a claim with your insurance company for reimbursement. It is therefore crucial that you keep careful records and receipts of all medical services that you receive. If you have a major accident or illness and cannot pay your medical costs up front, contact your insurance company as soon as possible. Please refer to your insurance information for details on how to make claims.
If you are going to see a doctor for a medical problem that is not an emergency, check your health insurance policy to make sure that this type of treatment is covered. For example, most international health insurance policies do not cover preexisting medical problems.
Hospitals, Clinics, and Emergency Rooms
Medical fees will depend on the doctor, the type of facility, and its location in the country. In certain areas of the country, especially large cities, medical care will be significantly more expensive. Unless you need immediate treatment, it is better not to go to a hospital Emergency Room to see a doctor. You should use these facilities for emergencies only as they tend to be expensive. When you have established yourself in an area, it is a good idea to find a private doctor. You can ask friends or colleagues or call your local hospital for recommendations. The consulate of your country may also be able to provide a list of approved physicians. However, walk-in clinics have sprung up all around the country in recent years. They tend to be less costly, and for people who do not have a continuing relationship with a doctor they can be a good choice.
Medicine
If you require medicine containing controlled drugs or narcotics (e.g., heart medication, sleeping pills, or stimulants), you should have each of these products properly packaged and labeled. You will not be able to have foreign prescriptions for controlled drugs filled in American pharmacies or by an American doctor. You should also have a statement or prescription from your doctor translated into English indicating that the medicine is being used under the orders of a doctor and is necessary for your physical well being. Also keep in mind that not all over-the-counter medicine is easily available in the United States. For example, birth control pills are not free in the United States. It is best to bring enough drugs to cover any need you might have for them during your entire stay in the United States. This way, you avoid additional costs.
There is no National Health insurance in the U.S. This is why the United States Information Agency (USIA) requires that all exchange visitors have insurance meeting their standards. The insurance you will purchase with your DS 2019 will have to be designed to meet these USIA requirements.
If a doctor treats you, you may have to pay the bills first and then file a claim with your insurance company for reimbursement. It is therefore crucial that you keep careful records and receipts of all medical services that you receive. If you have a major accident or illness and cannot pay your medical costs up front, contact your insurance company as soon as possible. Please refer to your insurance information for details on how to make claims.
If you are going to see a doctor for a medical problem that is not an emergency, check your health insurance policy to make sure that this type of treatment is covered. For example, most international health insurance policies do not cover preexisting medical problems.
Hospitals, Clinics, and Emergency Rooms
Medical fees will depend on the doctor, the type of facility, and its location in the country. In certain areas of the country, especially large cities, medical care will be significantly more expensive. Unless you need immediate treatment, it is better not to go to a hospital Emergency Room to see a doctor. You should use these facilities for emergencies only as they tend to be expensive. When you have established yourself in an area, it is a good idea to find a private doctor. You can ask friends or colleagues or call your local hospital for recommendations. The consulate of your country may also be able to provide a list of approved physicians. However, walk-in clinics have sprung up all around the country in recent years. They tend to be less costly, and for people who do not have a continuing relationship with a doctor they can be a good choice.
Medicine
If you require medicine containing controlled drugs or narcotics (e.g., heart medication, sleeping pills, or stimulants), you should have each of these products properly packaged and labeled. You will not be able to have foreign prescriptions for controlled drugs filled in American pharmacies or by an American doctor. You should also have a statement or prescription from your doctor translated into English indicating that the medicine is being used under the orders of a doctor and is necessary for your physical well being. Also keep in mind that not all over-the-counter medicine is easily available in the United States. For example, birth control pills are not free in the United States. It is best to bring enough drugs to cover any need you might have for them during your entire stay in the United States. This way, you avoid additional costs.
LEISURE
Leisure
Most U.S. cities will have a Tourist Office, Convention & Visito rs Bureau, or Chamber of Commerce. A visit to any of these places should be worth the trip, as they are usually able to provide free city maps, local subway and bus maps, and booklets and pamphlets about local tourist attractions, restaurants, and entertainment events.
A visit to your local bookstore should also provide you with a large selection of local and national guidebooks, newspapers, and magazines. Most local publications will have a section listing popular clubs and their weekly entertainment schedules, a review of restaurants in the area and museums, and show times for movies and theatres. In some cities, it is also possible to find free publications that have weekly entertainment listings in addition to restaurant reviews and articles. Free publications are usually distributed at coffee shops, supermarkets, and tourist offices.
Many people suggest that the best way to discover a new city is by foot! Take some time to get to know your host city, and find those special local places that are not listed in any guidebook or newspaper, but will soon become some of your favorite places to hang out!
Basics
- Using the phone in America
All local phone numbers in the U.S. are comprised of a 3-digit area code plus seven digits. For example our local phone number is 323-385-2829.
If you are calling someone who does not have the same area code as you (generally, you are in a different city or state than the person you are calling), you must dial 1 + the local phone number. If you are within the same area code, simply dial the last seven digits. For example, if you are not in Los Angeles and you want to reach International Trainee Network, you must dial: 1-323-385-2829.
To reach a local telephone operator for directory assistance, dial 411.
To reach a telephone operator in another area, you must dial 1 + area code + 555-1212.
Toll-free phone numbers begin with 1-800 + a seven-digit number or 1-888 + a seven-digit number. Most airlines, hotels, and businesses will have a toll-free number listed in the Phone Book, or you may call 1-800-555-1212 for toll-free directory assistance.
Tips in the United States
In restaurants it is customary to tip the waiter 15% of your bill. In fact, tips mostly pay most waiters and waitresses. It is seem as very rude not to give any tip. If you are not satisfied with the service, you may leave a 10% tip, but never less! Taxi drivers will also expect a tip of 10-15% of the fare.
Metric Equivalents
1 mile = 1.6 km 1 foot = 30.48 cm
1 pound = 0.45 kg 1 gallon = 3.791 L
1 cup = 0.241 68 F = 20 C
1 yard = 0.91 m 1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 ounce = 28.35 g 1 quart = 0.95 L
32 F = 0 C 95 F = 35 C
Electricity
The United States electrical system uses 110 volts, 60 hertz (cycles). If you are bringing appliances from home, they are probably designed for the electrical system of Europe, which uses 220 volts. You will need to purchase a transformer and plug adapter that can handle the wattage of the particular appliance you will be using.
Public holidays
January
1st - New Year's Day
third Monday - Martin Luther King Jr Day
February
third Monday - President's Day
April
Easter
May
last Monday - Memorial Day
July
4th - Independence Day
September
First Monday - Labor Day
October
Second Monday - Columbus Day
November
11th - Veteran's Day
fourth Thursday - Thanksgiving
December
25th - Christmas Day
Most U.S. cities will have a Tourist Office, Convention & Visito rs Bureau, or Chamber of Commerce. A visit to any of these places should be worth the trip, as they are usually able to provide free city maps, local subway and bus maps, and booklets and pamphlets about local tourist attractions, restaurants, and entertainment events.
A visit to your local bookstore should also provide you with a large selection of local and national guidebooks, newspapers, and magazines. Most local publications will have a section listing popular clubs and their weekly entertainment schedules, a review of restaurants in the area and museums, and show times for movies and theatres. In some cities, it is also possible to find free publications that have weekly entertainment listings in addition to restaurant reviews and articles. Free publications are usually distributed at coffee shops, supermarkets, and tourist offices.
Many people suggest that the best way to discover a new city is by foot! Take some time to get to know your host city, and find those special local places that are not listed in any guidebook or newspaper, but will soon become some of your favorite places to hang out!
Basics
- Using the phone in America
All local phone numbers in the U.S. are comprised of a 3-digit area code plus seven digits. For example our local phone number is 323-385-2829.
If you are calling someone who does not have the same area code as you (generally, you are in a different city or state than the person you are calling), you must dial 1 + the local phone number. If you are within the same area code, simply dial the last seven digits. For example, if you are not in Los Angeles and you want to reach International Trainee Network, you must dial: 1-323-385-2829.
To reach a local telephone operator for directory assistance, dial 411.
To reach a telephone operator in another area, you must dial 1 + area code + 555-1212.
Toll-free phone numbers begin with 1-800 + a seven-digit number or 1-888 + a seven-digit number. Most airlines, hotels, and businesses will have a toll-free number listed in the Phone Book, or you may call 1-800-555-1212 for toll-free directory assistance.
Tips in the United States
In restaurants it is customary to tip the waiter 15% of your bill. In fact, tips mostly pay most waiters and waitresses. It is seem as very rude not to give any tip. If you are not satisfied with the service, you may leave a 10% tip, but never less! Taxi drivers will also expect a tip of 10-15% of the fare.
Metric Equivalents
1 mile = 1.6 km 1 foot = 30.48 cm
1 pound = 0.45 kg 1 gallon = 3.791 L
1 cup = 0.241 68 F = 20 C
1 yard = 0.91 m 1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 ounce = 28.35 g 1 quart = 0.95 L
32 F = 0 C 95 F = 35 C
Electricity
The United States electrical system uses 110 volts, 60 hertz (cycles). If you are bringing appliances from home, they are probably designed for the electrical system of Europe, which uses 220 volts. You will need to purchase a transformer and plug adapter that can handle the wattage of the particular appliance you will be using.
Public holidays
January
1st - New Year's Day
third Monday - Martin Luther King Jr Day
February
third Monday - President's Day
April
Easter
May
last Monday - Memorial Day
July
4th - Independence Day
September
First Monday - Labor Day
October
Second Monday - Columbus Day
November
11th - Veteran's Day
fourth Thursday - Thanksgiving
December
25th - Christmas Day
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